世界范围内，兴建的大型水坝（高度超过15米）约达58000项，用于为饮用、灌溉、航行、水利发电等人类活动提供保障。但是，水利工程也带来一些环境威胁。近日，一项发表在《Science》上的研究深入探讨了大坝建成后对流域生态系统功能与服务的补偿措施。

The world's rivers are regulated by about 58,000 large dams (more than 15 m high) that provide water supplies for municipalities and irrigation, allow downstream navigation, and enable hydropower production (1). New dams are widely seen as sources of green energy. An estimated 75% of the world's potential hydropower capacity is unexploited (2), and some 3700 new dams are currently proposed in developing economies (3, 4). But dams also cause substantial and often unacknowledged environmental damage. Recent research affords insight into how dams might be strategically operated to partially restore some lost ecosystem functions and services.

文章链接：http://science.sciencemag.org/content/353/6304/1099